Nature公布192种果蝇品系性状手册

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Nature公布192种果蝇品系性状手册  关注儿童辅食批发，有帮助！

        近期，Nature杂志公布了遗传学研究最新参考手册："The Drosophila melanogaster Genetic Reference Panel"，简称为DGRP。这是一份具有重要参考价值的资源文献，该手册以遗传学研究经典模式生物果蝇为研究对象，记录了192种果蝇种系分子和表型变异。这项研究无疑将有助于加速遗传学研究，而且在病虫害防治，以及个性化医疗等方面也具有重要意义。

        文章通讯作者北卡罗来纳州立大学遗传学系知名遗传学家Trudy Mackay一直致力于果蝇遗传学的研究，她认为在这一参考中的每一个果蝇种系，从本质上来说都是相同，但是每个种系也都是遗传变异的不同范本。

        Trudy Mackay等在文中表明，一般来说，许多基因都与果蝇三个数量性状研究有关——饥饿胁迫对抗，寒冷昏迷复苏时间，以及受惊应答。目前这些参考资料已经公开，研究人员可以下载获取，用于数量性状，或者说是多基因影响性状的研究分析。Mackay博士预计这一参考将可以用到从动物进化到动物饲养，以及以果蝇为模式的疾病研究中去。

        原文摘要：

        The Drosophila melanogaster genetic Reference Panel

        A major challenge of biology is understanding the relationship between molecular genetic variation and variation in quantitative traits, including fitness. This relationship determines our ability to predict phenotypes from genotypes and to understand how evolutionary forces shape variation within and between species. Previous efforts to dissect the genotype–phenotype map were based on incomplete genotypic information. Here, we describe the Drosophila melanogaster Genetic Reference Panel (DGRP), a community resource for analysis of population genomics and quantitative traits. The DGRP consists of fully sequenced inbred lines derived from a natural population. Population genomic analyses reveal reduced polymorphism in centromeric autosomal regions and the X chromosome, evidence for positive and negative selection, and rapid evolution of the X chromosome. Many variants in novel genes, most at low frequency, are associated with quantitative traits and explain a large fraction of the phenotypic variance. The DGRP facilitates genotype–phenotype mapping using the power of Drosophila genetics.